Digestive

What is the digestive tract?
A tract in which food passes through. It is broken down as it passes through.

What happens to undigested materials in the digestive tract? It exits through the anus.

What is the function of the mouth in the digestion process?
Breaks down food and mixes with saliva to help further break it down.

What is the term for the small mass of food that enters into the esophagus?
Bolus

What triggers peristalsis?
The bolus being present in the esophagus

What is the function of the cardiac sphincter?
To close the stomach and prevent food from reentering the esophagus

What is the mucous membrane?
A protective layer which prevents your body from digesting itself.

How long is the small intestine?
over 20 ft.

Where does most digestion and absorption of nutrients take place?
In the small intenstine

What increase the surface area of the small intestine?
villi

What is the first section of the small intestine? What is its function?
Duodenem, it can detect the present of hypo, and hypertonic solutions.

Where is bile stored?
gallbladder

What is segmentation?
A muscular contraction similiar to peristalsis, it occurs as chyme enters the duodenem.

When does the ileocecal sphincter open? When the amount of food begins to build up.

What is the function of the anal sphincter? It stops waste from leaving the body until all the nutrients are absorbed.

What is the function of the appendix in humans? IT has no apparent function, but in some other mammals in helps in the digestion of cellulose.

Where does digestion begin?
mouth

What is gastric juice made of?
Hydrochloric acid and enzymes

Where are enzymes released in the small intestine produced?
Pancreas and intestinal glands

What is the function of the following enzymes: amylase, lactase, maltase, sucrase, and lipase?
Amylase completes the process of hydrolizing starch
Lactase breaks apart Lactose
Maltase breaks apart Maltose
Sucrase breaks apart Sucrose
Lipase splits fat into glycerol and fatty acids

There are two ways that nutrients get into the blood stream. Describe each method.
Diffusion and Active Transport